By zhangxinsheng31
事实上，频繁的食用坚果对血浆脂质的形成是有好处的而且可以降低冠心病（CHD）的风险。这项研究是为了调查成年高脂血症患者食用浓缩榛子对血浆胆固醇和脂蛋白的影响与基线和节制饮食相比较，并且测量人体测量参数，平常的体力活动，营养素摄入量和内皮的功能。受试者和试验设计：15名高脂血症志愿受试者年龄在48+/-8岁，通过适当的控制，分两个阶段[P（1）和P（2）]研究设计总共大概需要8周时间完成试验。在P（1）阶段，受试者食用节制饮食（低脂肪，低胆固醇，低纤维高碳水化合物）。在P（2）阶段，节制食物中补充含丰富单不饱和脂肪酸的榛子（40 g/天），大概提供了总能量的11.6%。记录人体测量的参数和平常的体力活动。测量总血浆量和HDL胆固醇，三酰基甘油（TAG）， ApoA-1， 载脂蛋白B， 总高半胱氨酸量，葡萄糖浓缩物量。所有的参数和测量方法是通过基线和每四个星期饮食结束获得的。结果：试验自始至终受试者的体重保持稳定。与基线作比较，食用浓缩榛子的试验组VLDL胆固醇，三酰基甘油，载脂蛋白B的浓度减少，分别为29.5， 31.8和 9.2%，但是HDL胆固醇浓度增加到12.6%，血浆总数/HDL胆固醇和LDL/HDL胆固醇的比值显著地下降（p<0.05）。虽然其它参数有减少的趋势是无关重要的，但是食用浓缩榛子的试验组与基线相比较有显著的下降整体上（5.2%）LDL胆固醇（3.3%）。在食用浓缩榛子的试验组和对照组禁食情况下葡萄糖，Apo A-1和高半胱氨酸的水平没有变化。结论：这个研究证明了高脂肪和含丰富单不饱和脂肪酸榛子饮食优于低脂肪摄入的饮食，是由于在成年高脂血症患者的血浆脂质外形有良好的改变，从而确切地降低了CHD的危险度。
出处：Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006 Sep 13; [Epub ahead of print]
Effects of hazelnut-enriched diet on plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein profiles in hypercholesterolemic adult men.
Objective:Frequent consumption of nuts is associated with favorable plasma lipid profiles and reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). This study was conducted to investigate the effects of hazelnut-enriched diet on plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein profiles in hypercholesterolemic adult men compared with baseline and control diet, and also to measure the anthropometric parameters, habitual physical activities, nutrient intake and endothelial function.Subjects and design:Fifteen hypercholesterolemic men aged 48+/-8 years were recruited voluntarily. A well-controlled, 2-period (P(1) and P(2)) study design with a total of 8-week was implemented. In the P(1), subjects consumed a control diet (low-fat, low-cholesterol and high-carbohydrate). During the P(2), the control diet was supplemented with MUFA-rich hazelnut (40 g/day), which provided 11.6% of total energy content. Anthropometric parameters and habitual physical activities were recorded. Plasma total and HDL cholesterol, TAG, ApoA-1, Apo B, total homocysteine and glucose concentrations were measured. All parameters and measurements were obtained at baseline and end of each 4-week diet period.Results:Body weights of subjects remained stable throughout the study. Compared with baseline, the hazelnut-enriched diet decreased (P<0.05) the concentrations of VLDL cholesterol, triacylglycerol, apolipoprotein B by 29.5, 31.8, and 9.2%, respectively, while increasing HDL cholesterol concentrations by 12.6%. Total/HDL cholesterol and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratios favorably decreased (P<0.05). Although insignificant there was a decreasing trend for the rest of parameters, particularly in total (5.2%) and LDL cholesterol (3.3%) in subjects consuming a hazelnut-enriched diet compared to that of the baseline. No changes were found in fasting levels of glucose, Apo A-1 and homocysteine between the control and hazelnut-enriched diets.Conclusions:This study demonstrated that a high-fat and high-MUFA-rich hazelnut diet was superior to a low-fat control diet because of favorable changes in plasma lipid profiles of hypercholesterolemic adult men and, thereby positively affecting the CHD risk profile.Sponsorship:Funding provided by a grant from the Hazelnut Promotion Group, Giresun, Turkey.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 13 September 2006; doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602518.
PMID: 16969381
六岁儿童的铁离子水平与饮食和其他因素的关系
By liuxiaojian223
目地：为了调查六岁儿童的铁离子水平与饮食和其他因素的关系。实验设计：在一个横断面研究中，当这些儿童快六岁生日的时候，记录他们的食物摄入（三天的称重食物记录），测量他们的体积，并且采集他们的血样。研究对象：通过接触以前的研究（队列1和2）中抽样所得的188名儿童样本，139名（74%）同意参与。结果：用多元回归分析分析饮食和其他因素显示：肉类，鱼肉的消耗，多种维他命和矿物质的摄入，（都是促进的）牛奶制品的消耗（抑制的）与测得的血清铁蛋白有关（调整R（2）=0.125；P=0.028；n=129），而汤汁和居住地与血红蛋白有关（调整R（2）=0.085；P=0.034；n=127）。108名没有摄入多种维他命和矿物质儿童中有21名储存铁减少，而21名摄入多种维他命和矿物质的儿童无一人储存铁减少。居住在农村（少于10000居民）的儿童比在城市（大于10000居民）的儿童有较高的红细胞平均容积（MCV）（P=0.048）农村的儿童MCV=83.3+/-2.3 fl，n=33；城市的儿童MCV=82.1+/-3.2 fl，n=103。用多元回归分析分析饮食，其他因素，生长显示：在队列1中居住地（农村>城市），一岁内体重增加（抑制的），肉类和鱼肉的摄入（促进的）与血红蛋白有关 （调整R （2）=0.323；P=0.030；n=51）肉类和鱼肉的摄入（促进的）与测得的血清铁蛋白（调整R （2）=0.069；P=0.035；n=52），红细胞平均容积（调整R （2）=0.064；P=0.035；n=52）都有关。在队列2中牛奶制品的消耗（抑制的）与测得的血清铁蛋白有关（调整R （2）=0.119；P=0.017；n=41），居住地（农村>城市）与红细胞平均容积有关（调整R （2）=0.102；P=0.025；n=41）。结论：同多种维他命和矿物质的摄入一样，肉类和鱼肉的摄入，可能也有汤汁，也许会促进六岁儿童的铁离子水平，而奶制品会抑制铁离子水平。一岁内的缓慢生长和农村居住会促进六岁儿童的铁离子水平。
出处：Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006 Sep 20; [Epub ahead of print]
Associations of iron status with dietary and other factors in 6-year-old children.
Objective:To investigate the associations of iron status at 6 years of age with dietary and other factors.Design:In a cross-sectional study, children's dietary intakes (3-day weighed food record) were recorded, body size was measured and blood samples were taken near their sixth birthday.Subjects:A sample of 188 children, from two previous studies (cohorts 1 and 2), was contacted, and 139 (74%) agreed to participate.Results:Multiple regression analyses with dietary and other factors showed that meat and fish consumption, multivitamin/mineral supplement intake (both positively) and cow's milk product consumption (negatively) were associated with log serum ferritin (SF) (adjusted R (2)=0.125; P=0.028; n=129), and juices and residence (rural>urban) with haemoglobin (Hb) (adjusted R (2)=0.085; P=0.034; n=127). Of 21 multivitamin/mineral consumers, none had depleted iron stores compared to 21 iron-depleted of 108 non-consumers (P=0.024). Children living in rural areas (<10 000 inhabitants) (n=33) had higher mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (83.3+/-2.3 fl) than those living in urban areas (>10 000 inhabitants) (82.1+/-3.2 fl; n=103) (P=0.048). Multiple regression analyses with dietary and other factors and growth showed in cohort 1 that residence (rural>urban), weight gain 0-1years (negatively), and meat and fish intake (positively) were associated with Hb (adjusted R (2)=0.323; P=0.030; n=51), meat and fish (positively) with both log SF (adjusted R (2)=0.069; P=0.035; n=52) and MCV (adjusted R (2)=0.064; P=0.035; n=52), and in cohort 2 cow's milk product consumption (negatively) was associated with log SF (adjusted R (2)=0.119; P=0.017; n=41) and residence (rural>urban) with MCV (adjusted R (2)=0.102; P=0.025; n=41).Conclusions:Consumption of meat and fish and possibly also juices, as well as multivitamin/mineral intake might affect iron status in 6-year-old children positively, whereas cow's milk product consumption might affect iron status negatively. Slower growth in the first year of life and rural residence are positively related to iron status of 6-year-olds.Sponsorship:The Icelandic Research Council.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 20 September 2006; doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602529.
PMID: 16988649
编辑：bluelove
